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This information, explaining the evidence of the dispersion of the Siouan languages, came from this web site : http://www.tutorgig.com/ed/Siouan and I quote:
“The ‘Siouan’ (a.k.a. ‘Siouan proper’, ‘Western Siouan’) languages are a Native American language family of North America. The Siouan family is related to the Catawban family, together making up the Siouan-Catawban family. Some authors use the term Siouan to refer to the Siouan-Catawban family and the term Siouan proper to refer to the Siouan family.
While the Lakota, Dakota, and Nakota comprise “the Great Sioux Nation”, the language family is much broader and includes “the old speakers”, the Ho-Chunk and their linguistic cousins, the Crow. The Siouan family also extends back East and down South.
While social migrations have yet to be definitively worked out, linguistic and historical sitings indicate a southern origin of Siouan people, with migrations over a thousand years ago from North Carolina and Virginia to Ohio, then both down the Ohio River to the Mississippi and up to the Missouri, and across Ohio to Illinois, Wisconsin and Minnesota, home of the Dakota.
Family division
The Siouan family consists of 17 languages with various sub-languages:
I. Missouri River Siouan (a.k.a. Crow-Hidatsa) : 1. ‘Crow’ (a.k.a. Absaroka, Apsaroka, Apsaalooke, Upsaroka) : 2. ‘Hidatsa’ (a.k.a. Gros Ventre, Minitari, Minnetaree) II. Mandan Siouan : 3. ‘Mandan’ :: a. Nuptare :: b. Neutare III. Mississippi Valley Siouan (a.k.a. Central Siouan) : A. Dakotan (a.k.a. Sioux-Assiniboine-Stoney) :: 4. ‘Sioux’ ::: a. Santee-Sisseton (a.k.a. Santee, Eastern Sioux, Dakota) :::: i. Santee :::: ii. Sisseton ::: b. Yankton-Yanktoni (a.k.a. Yankton, Central Sioux) :::: i. Yankton :::: ii. Yanktoni ::: c. Teton (a.k.a. Lakhota, Lakota, Western Sioux) :::: i. Northern Teton :::: ii. Southern Teton :: 5. ‘Assiniboine’ (a.k.a. Assiniboin) :: 6. ‘Stoney’ (a.k.a. Alberta Assiniboine) : B. Chiwere-Winnebago (a.k.a. Chiwere) :: 7. ‘Chiwere’ (a.k.a. Ioway-Otoe-Missouria, Ioway-Otoe) ::: a. Iowa (a.k.a. Ioway) ::: b. Otoe (a.k.a. Oto, Jiwere) ::: c. Missouria (a.k.a. Missouri) :: 8. ‘Winnebago’ (a.k.a. Hoc�k, Hochunk, Hochank, Hocangara, Hotcangara, Hochangara) : C. Dhegiha (a.k.a. Dhegihan) :: 9. ‘Omaha-Ponca’ ::: a. Omaha ::: b. Ponca (a.k.a. Ponka) :: 10. ‘Kansa-Osage’ ::: a. Kansa (a.k.a. Kanza, Kaw) (?) ::: b. Osage :: 11. ‘Quapaw’ (a.k.a. Kwapa, Kwapaw, Arkansas) (?) IV. Ohio Valley Siouan (a.k.a. Southeastern Siouan) : A. Virginia Siouan :: 12. ‘Tutelo’ :: 13. ‘Saponi’ (a.k.a. Saponey) (?) :: 14. ‘Moniton’ (a.k.a. Monacan) (?) :: 15. ‘Occaneechi’ : B. Mississippi Siouan (a.k.a. Ofo-Biloxi) (?) :: 16. ‘Biloxi’ (?) :: 17. ‘Ofo’ (a.k.a. Ofogoula) (?) “
Techteach
If you click on the link to the Iroquois language in the above quote, it states that some linguists group the Iroquois language of the Six Nations as a Siouan language.
Techteach
“It has been proposed that Caddoan is related to Keresan or a part of a Macro-Siouan stock (along with Siouan and Iroquoian). The Keresan-Caddoan connection is now mostly rejected. Caddoan as part of Macro-Siouan is a possibility, but more research is required to determine the validity of this proposal.”
Techteach,
Thank you for posting this. I’ve been gone for so long, where do we stand here? I’ve been working out more Lakota, biding my time. Please let me know of any specific linguistic stock I should be paying attention too. Love & Light, Lynella.
A good illustration of the Siouan language taxonomy is here:
http://www.inext.cz/siouan/sioux-dialects.htm
I also ran across two book references:
Anderson, J. (1872). The newly discovered relationship of the Tuteloes to the dakotan stock. Transactions of the American Philological Society for 1871. 2: 15-6.
and
Miller, C. (1957). Reevaluation of the Eastern Siouan problem with particular emphasis on the Virginia branches – the Occaneechi, the Saponi, and the Tutelo. Anthropological Papers 52, Bureau of American Ethnology-Bulletin 164.
http://puffin.creighton.edu/lakota/siouan_language.html
Hope this may be something useful to you.
Really good post.
The Lakota and Nakota broke off from the Dakota.
But I’ve always wondered if the Dakota broke off from the east coast Siouians or if we broke away from them.
You know the Creeks are really a nation of various tribes….and some of the Creeks even speak a Siouan style dialect. My dad’s side of the family always called themself creek….and I’ve yet to figure out when that trend started…..right after Chief Mcintosh gave up the last of the Ga land in 1832 there was a big migration of Siouan speaking tribes men moving into the area where Mcintosh lived, paulding county (which is right next to Mcintosh’s home in Carrol county) and Carroll county. alot of the Siouan tribes people had served in wars and stuff like that and entered Ga lottery etc etc….this gave them land….most of these after going into GA started listing themself as white (to make sure they did not get into the whole creek, cherokee removal of Ga)…….I never really hear alot of about the Creeks intereacting with the other Siouan speakers…….my great grandfather actually spoke 3 native languages along with english (he could not read or write in english though) and one of them just happened to have been the Creek language (the siouan one which I can not remember the exact name for right off top of my head)….my grandma remembered some of the words but very little……how he knew 3 different languages and all 3 being Siouan dialects I have no idea…..
Ok I also have a interesting bit of info that may fit in here.
Not only languages where disperesed between the Lakota and East coast Siouans….but also beliefs.
During the excuvation of Occaneechi town there was a important item discovered…it was a sea shell necklace found (clam shell)….on it was a nearly exact copy of a Lakota stone medicine wheel.
It came from the Fredricks site.
The points are even nearly exactly lined up the same. i’m not sure if I am the first person to have realized this or not…but this should tell you alot about how close the Siouan tribes really was.
techteach;22876 wrote: This information, explaining the evidence of the dispersion of the Siouan languages, came from this web site : http://www.tutorgig.com/ed/Siouan and I quote:
“The ‘Siouan’ (a.k.a. ‘Siouan proper’, ‘Western Siouan’) languages are a Native American language family of North America. The Siouan family is related to the Catawban family, together making up the Siouan-Catawban family. Some authors use the term Siouan to refer to the Siouan-Catawban family and the term Siouan proper to refer to the Siouan family.
While the Lakota, Dakota, and Nakota comprise “the Great Sioux Nation”, the language family is much broader and includes “the old speakers”, the Ho-Chunk and their linguistic cousins, the Crow. The Siouan family also extends back East and down South.
While social migrations have yet to be definitively worked out, linguistic and historical sitings indicate a southern origin of Siouan people, with migrations over a thousand years ago from North Carolina and Virginia to Ohio, then both down the Ohio River to the Mississippi and up to the Missouri, and across Ohio to Illinois, Wisconsin and Minnesota, home of the Dakota.
Family division
The Siouan family consists of 17 languages with various sub-languages:
I. Missouri River Siouan (a.k.a. Crow-Hidatsa) : 1. ‘Crow’ (a.k.a. Absaroka, Apsaroka, Apsaalooke, Upsaroka) : 2. ‘Hidatsa’ (a.k.a. Gros Ventre, Minitari, Minnetaree) II. Mandan Siouan : 3. ‘Mandan’ :: a. Nuptare :: b. Neutare III. Mississippi Valley Siouan (a.k.a. Central Siouan) : A. Dakotan (a.k.a. Sioux-Assiniboine-Stoney) :: 4. ‘Sioux’ ::: a. Santee-Sisseton (a.k.a. Santee, Eastern Sioux, Dakota) :::: i. Santee :::: ii. Sisseton ::: b. Yankton-Yanktoni (a.k.a. Yankton, Central Sioux) :::: i. Yankton :::: ii. Yanktoni ::: c. Teton (a.k.a. Lakhota, Lakota, Western Sioux) :::: i. Northern Teton :::: ii. Southern Teton :: 5. ‘Assiniboine’ (a.k.a. Assiniboin) :: 6. ‘Stoney’ (a.k.a. Alberta Assiniboine) : B. Chiwere-Winnebago (a.k.a. Chiwere) :: 7. ‘Chiwere’ (a.k.a. Ioway-Otoe-Missouria, Ioway-Otoe) ::: a. Iowa (a.k.a. Ioway) ::: b. Otoe (a.k.a. Oto, Jiwere) ::: c. Missouria (a.k.a. Missouri) :: 8. ‘Winnebago’ (a.k.a. Hoc�k, Hochunk, Hochank, Hocangara, Hotcangara, Hochangara) : C. Dhegiha (a.k.a. Dhegihan) :: 9. ‘Omaha-Ponca’ ::: a. Omaha ::: b. Ponca (a.k.a. Ponka) :: 10. ‘Kansa-Osage’ ::: a. Kansa (a.k.a. Kanza, Kaw) (?) ::: b. Osage :: 11. ‘Quapaw’ (a.k.a. Kwapa, Kwapaw, Arkansas) (?) IV. Ohio Valley Siouan (a.k.a. Southeastern Siouan) : A. Virginia Siouan :: 12. ‘Tutelo’ :: 13. ‘Saponi’ (a.k.a. Saponey) (?) :: 14. ‘Moniton’ (a.k.a. Monacan) (?) :: 15. ‘Occaneechi’ : B. Mississippi Siouan (a.k.a. Ofo-Biloxi) (?) :: 16. ‘Biloxi’ (?) :: 17. ‘Ofo’ (a.k.a. Ofogoula) (?) “
Techteach
Thank you so much for this… this is priceless… Peace & Love! –Black Coyote
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