- This topic has 0 replies, 1 voice, and was last updated 8 years ago by
.
-
Posts
-
Proto-Dakotan Swadesh list word #69
*Shiintsee, tailAnother easy one, all the words for ‘tail’ are obviously related except Catawba /Tus/ which may or may not be from the same protoword.
On balance, the original initial consonant sound was likely Sh-, followed by a long ii vowel, then a nasal, then the consonant -ts-, then a long ee vowel, i.e. *Shiintsee.
No Tutelo / Yesan word for ‘tail’ was recorded, but from the relatives I would reconstruct it as */Shiinte/ or the like.
Oliverio on the other hand reconstructed the Tutelo word as *Sont, but her reasoning to me seems weak: one source, Frachtenberg, recorded a variant of the regular Yesan word for ‘pigeon’, /Wayutka/, as “Wayasuntka”. Oliverio isolated the syllable -sunt- from this form, she ‘corrected’ it to -sont-, and then related it with these other words for “tail” to assume *Sont was the Tutelo form.
Rankin this time is not too far off; he reconstructs the Proto-Siouan for “tail” (animal’s) as *Ishinte or *Shinte (*/Shiintee/); he also notes that entirely different words from these are used for a bird’s tail / tail feathers, which in my opinion makes Oliverio’s conjecture above even more questionable.
1 WOCCON ?
2 CATAWBA /Tus/
3 YESAN ?
4 OFO /Fqiinte/
5 BILOXI /Siindii/
6 QUAPAW /Siinte/
7 OMAHA /Siinde/
8 KAW /Siinjee/
9 OSAGE /Dhiindsee/
10 HOCHAK /Siinch/
11 CHIWERE /Thiinje/
12 MANDAN /Shunt/
13 DAKOTA /Siintee/
14 NAKODA /Shiindee/
15 HIDATSA /Tsiita/
16 CROW /Chiisa/Proto-Dakotan Swadesh list word #70
*Manshun, featherNot recorded for Yesan. Nearest relatives Ofo and Biloxi simply use the same word as for “hair”, see tomorrow’s word #71 *Nandoha “hair”.
If Yesan was like Ofo and Biloxi in this respect, the regular Yesan word for hair /Na’ton/ could be used for feathers, (although the abbreviated syllable for hair in compounds, /-hiin/, seems present in Yesan as well.)
Languages 6-11 and 15-16 all came from a form like *Manshun, where the *Man- is a compound form of “bird” (*Wajinkedetska) and the second part, -*Shun, is still seen in Dakota /Shun/, a large quill (alongside the normal Dakota word for feather, /Wiiyaka/, of unknown origin), and possibly also Mandan /Sii’/. The Catawba and Woccon forms are too dissimilar to link with any others.
My reconstruction for ‘feather’ here is again similar to Rankin’s – *Wanshun. Noting that the Ofo and Biloxi words mean “hair” as well as feathers, he includes them with his Proto-Siouan word *Ihin “hair, fur, feathers”.
1 WOCCON /Sopee/
2 CATAWBA /Wetkiitu/
3 YESAN ?
4 OFO /Iihee/
5 BILOXI /Hiin/
6 QUAPAW /Manshan/
7 OMAHA /Mashawn/
8 KAW /Mosho/
9 OSAGE /Monshon/
10 HOCHAK /Manshun/
11 CHIWERE /Manshun/
12 MANDAN /Sii’/
13 DAKOTA /Wiiyaka/
14 NAKODA /Wiiyaga/
15 HIDATSA /Iishu/
16 CROW /Bashu/Proto-Dakotan Swadesh list word #71
*Nandoha, hairIn the languages shown as having 2 words for hair, the longer one specifies “hair of head”.
The short form /Hiin/ is understood for ‘hair’ (in general) in at least 9 Dakotan languages, with /Hii/ (Omaha) and /Ii/ (Hidatsa) apparently minor variations of this.
Ofo /Iihii/ and Crow /Ishii/ are also related, another Ofo form /Anahiin/ also shows signs of a longer word, such as *Anashiin.The other terms, Yesan /Naton’/, Chiwere /Nandu/, Hochak /Nanju/, Omaha /Nazhiiha/, Quapaw /Niinzhiiha/ seem to have a similar history as well.
I had tentatively resolved this as *Nandoha, but now that I have written everything out here, and thinking about yesterday’s word, I am now seeing better evidence for the original form of ‘hair’ having been *Nanshun, so I may revise this one from *Nandoha to *Nanshun (hair of head) and *Shun (hair in general)
As for Rankin, he traced #3, 10b & 11b to PS *Rantun (“hair of head”), and all the /Hiin/ forms to PS *Ihin (“hair, fur, feathers”)
1 WOCCON ?
2 CATAWBA /Iskunsii/
3 YESAN /Naton’/
4 OFO /Anahiin/, /Iihii/
5 BILOXI / Hiin/
6 QUAPAW /Hiin/, /Niinzhiiha/
7 OMAHA /Hii/, /Nazhiiha/
8 KAW /Hiin/
9 OSAGE /Hiin/
10 HOCHAK /Hiin/, /Nanju/
11 CHIWERE /Hiin/, /Nandu/
12 MANDAN /Hiin/
13 DAKOTA /Hiin/
14 NAKODA /Hiin/
15 HIDATSA /Ii/
16 CROW /Iishii/Proto-Dakotan Swadesh list word #72
*Pahntsu, headThe syllable /Pa/ serves for ‘head’ in 5 languages, with slightly longer /Pa’/, /Pha/, /Apha/, /Paha/ and /Pahii/ also found in others…
then there is Yesan /Pasuye/ which again is the ‘missing link’ between those forms, and the ones that preserved traces of the second syllable: Hidatsa /Atu/ and Crow /Ashu/ (these 2 languages, like Yesan, are often conservative in different areas from the central group, as they diverged earlier) , Hochunk /Nansu/ and Chiwere /Nanthu/, and possibly Catawba /Iskun/…This is all enough to point to an original form such as *Pahntsu meaning “head”.
The term for “nose” (word #75, *Apentsunt), tends to be similar, or even the same, (/Pa/) in Hochak, Omaha and Kaw…
Rankin divides the words for ‘head’ and ‘nose’ differently and came up with Proto-Siouan *Ahpa, Proto-Siouan-Catawba *Pa – for “head, nose, front end”, and two others also for “nose”, see word #75 forthcoming
1 WOCCON /Popee/
2 CATAWBA /Iskun/ <*Itsun <*Itsu
3 YESAN /Pasuye/ <*Pahsu <*Pahntsu
4 OFO /Apha/ <*Paha <*Pahsu
5 BILOXI /Pa/ <*Pa’ <*Paha ^
6 QUAPAW /Pahii/ <*Paha ^
7 OMAHA /Pa/ ^
8 KAW /Pa/ ^
9 OSAGE /Pa/ ^
10 HOCHAK /Pa/ ^, /Nansu/ <*Nantsu <*Nahntsu <*Pahntsu
11 CHIWERE /Nanthu/ <*Nantsu ^
12 MANDAN /Pa’/ ^
13 DAKOTA /Pha/ <*Paha ^
14 NAKODA /Paha/ ^
15 HIDATSA /Atu/ <*Atsu <*Ahntsu <*Pahntsu
16 CROW /Iihchaha/ <?, /Ashu/ <*Atsu ^William Meuse
- You must be logged in to reply to this topic.
