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Brenda Collins Dillon and Bill Childs pilahuk for your past research.
With the Saponi DNA Project and Book projects started by Scott Preston Collins I have been working on a contribution. Any proceeds from the book are for hiring a linguist to work on Tutelo-Saponi language revitalization.
As I understand it, Egonq Higun pi:lahuk and Ekuni-wa pi:lahuk are thank you Grandmother and thank you Grandfather in Tutelo-Saponi. Huk mi Yesa pi:lahuk (all my relations many thanks).
Our family project started as an effort to unravel who our Smith ancestors were before they came to Indiana. As it has progressed we have started to see a distinct community in the past whose ancestors are finding each other today. One article I read recently says there are 30 documented “tri-racial isolate” communities in the US, and likely over 200 that exist but are not well documented. In our family that community in our oral history is Quaker – Pennsylvania Dutch and Blackfoot – Catawba/Tutelo/Saponi.
Through genetic genealogy I sought to answer some questions to prove or disprove this oral history:
1. Does DNA show a tri-racial isolate?
2. Does the genealogy of DNA cousins connect to Catawba/Tutelo/Saponi core families?
3. Does DNA support our oral history of coming from NC/VA?
4. In the 1730s/1740s German migration to frontier Pennsylvania and documented intermarriage by the Occaneechi Saponi occurred. Is there evidence of inter-marriage at this time?
5. What cousins are on the Indiana Jones-Smith line of my grandmother?
6. Who and where were our cousins on the Indiana Jones-Smith line yesterday and today?
7. If the Quaker-Blackfoot oral history is a distinct community, what are the associated names in this group distinct from the larger group of Saponi descendant names?
MarcSnelling;38596 wrote:
1. Does DNA show a tri-racial isolate?
Yes there is evidence. Among 1230 cousins of my mother on 23andMe 12 (1%) have Native American mtDNA haplogroups (A,B,C), 26 (2%) come from X mtDNA (European / Native American), 24 (2%) come from African mtDNA haplogroups (L,M).
My mother Suzanne Drybread is haplogroup H1as. H is the most prominent haplogroup of cousins at 498 (40%), 216 (17%) are U, 159 (13%) are I, 135 (11%) are J, 111 (9%) are K, 38 (3%) are W, 33 (3%) are V, and 132 (11%) are T
These results could be due to present-day intermarriage, not an historic community. So I looked a the ancestry of people in these groups further.
First I looked at a Hamilton cousin (M494106) whose maternal haplogroup is A. His maternal kin go back in Capon Bridge WV as far as he can trace. Family oral history from his grandmother is ‘Blackfoot’.
So this first example shows the tri-racial isolate theory links to a known Saponi location. Present-day Romney/Capon Bridge area in Hampshire County WV was the site of a battle between the Catawba and Lenape (Delaware) in the 1730s. It was a documented location of Catawba migration listed in Rick Haithcock’s book.
Two other A2 mtDNA cousins have no information listed. One has a surname list of Boxx, Moseley, Folger, Kokrine.
So that would tend to support the A haplogroup cousins being direct maternal ancestors of a Native American from the East.
Among four B haplogroup cousins, one lists his info. A Parrott DNA cousin whose maternal grandmothers line is from Guatemala/El Salvador/Honduras. His paternal line has German-Saponi names in VA and KY.
So best guess is that the B haplogroup cousins are not Saponi.
The C haplogroup cousins do not list any info that could trace their lineage.
For the African mtDNA haplogroups L,M,N there were 12 cousins with information posted. 11 of those (92%) had Saponi names and locations in their surname list. Three of them list Richardson, all with Saponi locations.
There are a further 28 cousins with a paternal African DNA E1b haplogroup. Only three of these 28 cousins also have an African maternal haplogroup. This is further evidence of a tri-racial isolate. Of the twelve that have information posted, ten have Saponi surnames and locations.
One male cousin is from the Q Native American haplogroup, there are none from the C group. There are 367 (30%) who belong to R1b based haplogroups – known to be Eurasian, and hypothesized to be present in Eastern Woodlands population groups.
So in conclusion based on 23andMe cousins, using samples of me, my sister, my mother, her brother, and their mother’s 1st cousin;
maternal Native American haplogroup A2 cousins appear to be out of Hampshire County WV,
maternal Native American haplogroup C cousins appear to be out of South America
maternal Native American haplogroup D cousins are of unknown origin.
African maternal L, M, N and paternal E1b haplogroups appear to be out of NC/VA.
Richardson is a name listed by 25% of cousins with maternal African haplogroups.
MarcSnelling;38596 wrote:
2. Does the genealogy of DNA cousins connect to Catawba/Tutelo/Saponi core families?
To answer this question I compared the following:
The list of Catawba, Saponi, Tutelo, Occaneechi, Cheraw, Nansemond, Pamunkey and Nanticoke surnames from Rick Haithcock’s research, Volume 75.
The genealogy of our 128 closest cousins on GedMatch (>10cM DNA shared with my mother or uncle)
After looking at all these genealogies, what struck me is that it seemed about 90% came from NC/SC/VA/MD if their genealogy went back to the 1700s, or if it went back to the 1800s TN, KY, WV, and OH.
First I looked at States common to the ancestors in these cousins genealogy, the top ten were:
77% VA
64% NC
64% PA
60% MD
55% KY
53% OH
52% TN
48% SC
42% IN
34% MO
This tells me that although our family was in Indiana Territory since the early 1700s, more cousins are in common to VA/NC.
Next I looked at counties to try and narrow it down more. I used the ‘Catawba Indian Nation’ documented Catawba Communities Migration and Settlements’ list in Haithcock Volume 75, along with original county names they came from. For every location in that list there was one or more cousins with ancestors in that location. The top five counties that showed up the most:
Halifax Co 35% (45 people)
Granville Co 12%
Mecklenburg Co 11%
Greene Co OH 7%
Harrison Co WV 5%
Any proceeds from the book are for hiring a linguist to work on Tutelo-Saponi language revitalization.
Spilledi, here on the forum, has spent a lot of time working on Tutelo and hopefully will be referred to by anyone looking to further that work. http://tutelo.org is ours and has some of her work.
Linda;38601 wrote: Spilledi, here on the forum, has spent a lot of time working on Tutelo and hopefully will be referred to by anyone looking to further that work. http://tutelo.org is ours and has some of her work.
I do to. She has commented on Facebook about some of the challenges of a project like this.
MarcSnelling;38596 wrote:
3. Does DNA support our oral history of coming from NC/VA?
Yes. 82% of our closest cousins have genealogy coming from pre-Revolutionary War NC/VA. Of the remainder, 11% have ancestry originating in Pennsylvania. 4% have genealogy that does not go back that far and has lines originating in Michigan and Wisconsin. Only 3% have present-day European ancestry.
This means that among our closest cousins 97% come from locations along the migration of Saponi and associated groups. Since our last known ancestors to emigrate came to PA mid 1700s, this means that this group of cousins are likely all related by a common ancestor in a roughly 400-year time frame.
This is one thing that surprised me about our DNA results. Not that they came from NC/VA, I knew that, but that so many came from there. Include Pennsylvania and nearly 100% of our cousins came from there. I anticipated seeing more cousins in Indiana where our lines have been for 150-200 years, but this was not the case.
My Potters were from VA. I find this family very puzzling though. The story is that William Potter was sent to America after stealing something in England. I have come to disbelieve that, because his son, Nathan, marries into a line that goes back to the Mayflower and has Potters marrying into that Mayflower line. I cannot help but think William Potter was connected somehow with those New England Potters to have his son marry into them. Nathan Potters’ wife’s Deuel line came from Saratoga, NY, moved to near Hartford, OH which was supposed to be heavily native, and then the son moved on with his family to IA. I am trying to prove the line for the Mayflower Society and cannot find just the right evidence to connect Nathan Potter to his son, William Alfred Potter, my 3rd great grandfather. The marriage record of William that says his father was N.H. Potter is not enough to prove that they were related, even though my William Alfred was living with Nathan’s family in 1850 in Jackson County, IA. I have oodles of almost-evidence but nothing directly saying they were father and son using the full names which is the proof that is being asked for. I am planning a trip back to IA, maybe during Thanksgiving week, but I am not sure I will find anything more. Then I will just have to put together what I have and try to prove it that way. I do finally have a Deuel DNA match, but I helped her prove her line and it goes back to the Potters too, so that is not helpful.
Cindy
MarcSnelling;38596 wrote:
2. Does the genealogy of DNA cousins connect to Catawba/Tutelo/Saponi core families?
The following are percentages of surnames amongst GedMatch DNA cousins, coming from locations and time periods specific to Saponi migration.
Collins – 5%
A822101, A507412, M209535, F419929, A486582 and A729308
The first is a descendant of Jonathan Collins b 1797 SC married to Merob Melton.
The second from Samuel Collins b 1734 Wilkes NC
The third Adrah Narcissa Collisn b1740 9 Craven SC
The fourth Rebeca Collines b late 1600s – possibly unconnected.
The last two are descendants of Tabitha Collins, b.1724 who married Edmund Foster and Henry Gatewood. Who I have seen in other Saponi trees here and elsewhere
Richardson – 10%
A651227 – Elizabeth Richardson 1725-1764 Kent MD – marrying into Grant, Smoot, Smith, Brown to Indiana
A559707 – Mary Catherine Richardson b 1874 SC/GA- marrying into Blackwell, Morten, Miller, Henderson to GA
M155958 – “
A391860 – James Richardson b 1820 Oh -1920 m Charity Severs
M065152 – “
A726307 – “
Lourinda Emaline “Em” Richardson 1825-1906, sister of James Richardson
Abraham Richardson 1857 IN – 1926 Hardin KY – son of James Richardson and Charity Severs
Catherine Huffman b.1800 Horse Creek, Sullivan TN – 1861 Brown IN – mother of James RichardsonM150928 – Ann Richardson b 1761 Sumter SC 1802 Adams MS
A194844 – Mary “Polly” Richardson b abt 1775 WV 184 Warren OH
F322138 – Peter Richardson 1846 VA – 1893 VA married to Arminta “Minnie” Smith 1850-1924
F405904 – William Richardson b 1750 Loudon VA marrying into Hargrove, English, Morrison to KY to MO
F333464 – Mary Sarah Richardson b 1776 Edgefield SC marrying into Moseley, Hammond, Muse, Hightower to AR
A753764 – Mary Richardson b.1699 Westmoreland VA, marrying into Vaulx, Foxall, Weeks, Lewellen to TN
Haithcock/Heathcote/Hathcock – 2%
A559707 – Jessie Hathcock b 1780 Granville NC – 1849 married Catherine Whitley 1784-1850
M155958 – “
Mary Polly Whitley Burris – niece of Jessie Hathcock – daughter of Martha “Patsy” Hathcock 1776-1880A651227 – Ruth Heathcote 1685 – 1743 Baltimore MD
Love – 3%
M132446 Dicie E Love 1873 NC
A482228 Jonathan Love b 1779
A008133 Andrew Love b 1747 Turkey Creek, York, SC
A29308 “
g-grandaughter of Andrew Love Martha Mathis TN – 1924 Colgate OKFish – 4%
F296218 Anna Fish – mother of Benjamin Fish Pease b Sep 1836 Ontario Co NY
A278904 ”
G-grandchildren of Anna Fish – Erenst SImon Fritz, Hazel Elizabeth Pease with 2g-grandchildren Dora, Dee, Barbara, Partricia, Herbert, Beulah May, taken abt 1935 Fort Collins, Larimer, COF325091 Elmira Myra Fish b 1780 Lincoln Co NC
F420476 Amanda M Fish b abt. 1826 LA
FH1208 Mehitable Fish mother of Ephram Tobey
Buck – 1%
F386338 Hannah Buck – mother of Enoch Scott b.1722
Wiley/Wylie – 4%
A559707 Elizabeth Wiley b 15 Nov 1792 Rockbridge VA
M155958 ”
A098329 John Wiley Little b.1819 Union SC
A149809 Fisk Pinnell Wiley b 1822 VA
FN113313 Martha Wiley b1758 Mecklenburg NC
Wiley as first name – possibly related?
F325091 Wiley Babb v1788 Wake NC
F195900 Wiley Mitchell b 1802 SC
Bunch – 1%
FN113313 Mary Jane Bunch b.1736 VA
Merritt – 5%
A651227 Rachel Merritt b 1673 Cecil MD
a040582 William Merritt Bennett b 1829 Bledsoe TN
A729308 William Lee Merritt b.1864 Wetzel WV
A194204 Merritt Franklin Bartholomew b 1889 Lehigh PA 1960 Cuyahoga OH
A179340 Nancy Merritt b 1801 Bute NC – 1863 Franklin IL
F269306 Elizabeth Merritt b 1751 NY – 1841 NY
Bowling/Bolin/Bowen – 2%
F181195 James Bowling b 1838 Warren TN
FN113313 Lewis Nathan Bolin b 1783 Rowan NC 1843 Upshur TX, James Bowen b 1801 NC 1848 Scott VA
* Not including these Bowen lines which I’m not sure are related:
A131521 Lydia Bowen b 1765 ? – 1839 Providence RI
A239137 Sarah Bowen 1723-1786 Cumberland NJ
A482228 Abigail Bowen 1739-1788 Windham CT
M295798 Mary Bowen 1655-1707 Middlesex NJ – Somerset MD
Jeffries/Jeffreys/Jeffress – 3%
M132446 Mary Jeffries 1663-1716 Westmoreland VA
A482228 Thomas Jeffress d 1793 Nottoway VA, William Jeffries b 1719 Essex VA
A288207 Elizabeth Jeffries b 1780 KY – 1830 Goochland VA
FN113313 Mary Jeffries 1791 VA – 1844 Hopkins KY
So our cousin (on Brower and Gates lines) did her DNA analysis through Ancestry.com. It is very easy to find people using Ancestry compared to FTDNA, 23andMe or GedMatch. Right away I noticed a lot of familiar names. Sizemore especially, and “Old Ned” Sizemore in particular is in multiple cousins trees. This jogged my cousins’ memory and she said that the Sizemores were known to be an associated family to her family. There are a lot more of the same names we noticed from our tree. Time allowing I’m going to post more results to this thread.
On the Brower lines we share I’m also seeing Dillon ancestors in WV. When I first read Brenda Collins-Dillon’s work it all sounded so familiar – now through DNA I see why.
MarcSnelling;38670 wrote: So our cousin (on Brower and Gates lines) did her DNA analysis through Ancestry.com. It is very easy to find people using Ancestry compared to FTDNA, 23andMe or GedMatch. Right away I noticed a lot of familiar names. Sizemore especially, and “Old Ned” Sizemore in particular is in multiple cousins trees. This jogged my cousins’ memory and she said that the Sizemores were known to be an associated family to her family. There are a lot more of the same names we noticed from our tree. Time allowing I’m going to post more results to this thread.
On the Brower lines we share I’m also seeing Dillon ancestors in WV. When I first read Brenda Collins-Dillon’s work it all sounded so familiar – now through DNA I see why.
F420476: Chr 2, 3.3; Chr2,3.3; Chr5,5.8;Chr8,3.3; Chr9,4.6;Chr16,9.7
FH1208: Chr6,4.9; Chr15,3.5
FN113313: Chr6,3.2; Chr11,18.5
A194844: Chr8,3.5
F333464: Chr1,4.0
A559707:Chr1,3.7;Chr3,4.0; same with M155958
A098329:Chr 1,3.2;Chr13,3.8 and 3.6;Chr20,3.0
A131521:Chr5,3,7; Chr11.4.5
A482228:Chr1,3.8; Chr2.3.2;Chr3,4.2
M132446:Chr1,3.8;Chr2,3.2;Chr3,4.2
A288201: Chr2,3.4;Chr9,3.4
A179340: Chr 3,4.1;Chr22,3.4
A040582:Chr7,3.6
A729308: Chr4.9
A008133: Chr4,5.0;Chr14,3.0
A4882228: Chr1,3.8; Chr2,3.2; Chr3,4.2
M209535: Chr1,3.4; Chr11,3.1
A729308:Chr 7,4.9
F322138: Chr 2,3.6; Chr17,20.4
A194844:Chr8,3.5
F333464:Chr1,4.0
I think there are some more 3s; I turned it down to 3cms just to check it out. I am trying to get clues. I am kfergus estep on Ancestry. I have a lot of Adkins, Bowen , Esteps and NC, Va, WV, and Ky.
Thanks, Karen
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