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I’m continuing with the project to input the entries concerning Indians in the Executive Journals of the Colonial Council of Virginia. Here are the last two entries I input.
Executive Journals, Volume 1, October 21, 1690
On this date are war and rumors of War in New York waged by the French and the Canadian Indians in June of 1690. I believe it is William Cole writing these Council Jounal entries. There is a harsher edge to these entries than I’ve noticed before.
Executive Journals, Volume 1, October 24, 1690
The record states that some “subtle and crafty” upstart settlers have bought land from the Chickahominy. It’s complained that the peace of the colony is threatened when whites move too far from the settlements, and too close to the Indians “a people of noe Faith nor Creditt, who at their Pleasure may Cutt off a Family, and pretend it to be done by Strange Murderers who parhapps at the same time may be with them in serch unsuspected, and Expect to be paid for their Service.” These settlers are ordered to burn their buildings and leave, any title they may have to the land voided.
I’m publishing the Journal entries to my new Great Trading Path — Then and Now site. It’s a venue for crafts and for informational pages on NA history. Hopefully by providing the latter, we’ll bring a good market to the former. Anybody with any crafts they’d like exposure for, contact me.
Linda posted above:
The record states that some “subtle and crafty” upstart settlers have bought land from the Chickahominy. It’s complained that the peace of the colony is threatened when whites move too far from the settlements, and too close to the Indians “a people of noe Faith nor Credit, who at their Pleasure may Cutt off a Family, and pretend it to be done by Strange Murderers who parhapps at the same time may be with them in serch unsuspected, and Expect to be paid for their Service.” These settlers are ordered to burn their buildings and leave, any title they may have to the land voided.
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Here is a post from a list I am on that tells where some of these
Chickahominy settlements are located and how many huts exsisted.
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American State Papers -Indian Affairs 1792
p264
Description of the Five Cherokee towns, lying northwest of Chatanuga Mountain
to wit;
”Running Water lies on the south bank of the Tennessee, except five or six
huts whch are on the north side, three miles above Nickajack, and twelve below
the Suck; here some Shawnese are settled, containing one hundred huts in
1790, and is a common crossing place for the Creeks.
Nickajack lies on the south bank of the Tennessee, five miles above the Long
Island village, and fifteen miles below the Suck, contained about forty huts
in 1790; some Shawanese settled here in 1789 and 1790; here the Creeks and
Northwards Cross.
Long Island Village, which comprehends an island called the Long Island in
the Tennessee, and a number of huts on the south side, is twenty miles below
tghe Suck, and tgen abouve Crowtown, contained ten or twelve huts in 1790; here
the Creeks and Northwards cross.
Crow Town lies on the north side of the Tennessee, half a mile from the river
up Crow creek; 50 miles below the Suck, is the lowest town in the Cherokee
nation, contained about 30 huts in 1790; the Creeks and northward tribes cross
here.
Look-out Mountain town, on Look-out Mountain creek, lies between two
mountains, 15 miles from the mouth of the creek, and about 15 miles shoutward of the
running water; contains 80 huts. A valley leads from the mouth of this creek,
three or four miles wide, to this town.
The warriors of these five towns are now computed at from two hundred and
fifty to three hundred, and are, generally, that part of the Cherokees
distinguished as Chickamagas.”
The Chickahominy still live in the same area they’ve always been in, New Kent county in eastern VA. They don’t have a reservation, over the years they just bought up a lot of their old lands as private citizens and are still living there. They have a very nice, tight knit community. People really look after each other.
The Chickamaugans are a completely different group. I don’t know what language family they’re from and I think I’ve just heard of them in TN.
Brenda, you’ve listed the Five Chickamauga Towns which are all near the present city of Chattanooga, Tennessee. After many Cherokee Towns ewre destroyed early in the Revolutionary War, the Cherokee at war with the Colonists withdrew from the other Cherokee in the hopes that the Colonists would not take revenge on Cherokee at peace with them, so they moved to the Tennessee River near present day Chattanooga. Being on the River, they were called the “Lower Cherokee”.
The Chickamauga Confederacy included Brittish Loyalists, Shawnee, Creek, and Cherokee mostly and consisted of about 1000 warriors. They first appear about 1774 and are last heard from in the 1790s. They were called the “Lower Cherokee” or the “Lower Towns” in American State Papers. Their Creek allies were called “Upper Creek” whose chief was McGilvray. There were about 50-100 Shawnee Warriors in Running Water I think. There were many Brittish Loyalists who fled to the Cherokee Nation and fought with Dragging Canoe. McGilvray (sp?) died about 1790 and Dragging Canoe died in 1792, and their deaths took the sails out of the war.
Then after the Defeat at Fallen Timbers in Ohio in 1794 (Greenville Treaty) and the distruction of some of the Chickamaugan towns that same year, I believe it was Seiver or Blount or Orr??? I forget. Cherokee signed a treaty in Philadelphia in 1794 and the Iriquois signed their Canadauga treaty that same year as well. Chickamauga chiefs signed those treaties and they signed them as Cherokee chiefs, for the Cherokee nation and people, and not as a splinter group. There was a district in the Cherokee Nation called the “Chickamauga District” (there were 8 districts), it was in Northwestern Georgia I think, mostly, or neighboring SE Tn, maybe both.
When the Cherokee were removed to Oklahoma 1838-1839 that district ceased to exist. The word “Chickamauga” was never used in any government document after that. Today there are a thousand or more (okay — an exageration) splinter groups calling themselves the Chickamauga Cherokee of one place or another — but I doubt most can document their claims, and some have been proven to be frauds. The situation is so bad many legitimate folks finally learn just to steer away from these groups, as it is too difficult to know which group is for real and which are not.
vance
Linda, Brenda, Vance,
Thank you so much for all this historical info. It is so interesting and I love to readyou guys’ stuff. 😉 Thank you bunches, Lynella.
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