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I’d like to use this thread to copy over any original source materials and historical interpretations quoted in discussions throughout this forum. That way we won’t lose sight of them. Just copy any valuable original source materila you find in any threads to a post here, along with a link to where we were talking about it, along with a heading describing what it is.
Taken from a discussion at:
http://www.saponitown.com/forum/showthread.php?s=&postid=15842#post15842
In 1712, the Head Man of the Suc-Suscphaws appealed to Governor Craven of South Carolina for permission to settle amonst “our Northern Indians” (Milling 1940:222). Wilson (1983:204-205) notes that the Saxapahaw were living with Tuscarora along the lower Neuse River in 1711 and, he proposes that the Saxapahaw as well as the Eno and Shakori were Iroquois speakers similar to the Neuse, Meherrin, and Nottoway of the Coastal Plain. Another possibility is that the Saxapahaw were upstream representatives of the Cape Fear Indians. However, ethnohistoric evidence is largely silent on this point and archaeological data from the Coastal Plain sector of the Cape Fear are sparse.
One clue to the affiliation of the Saxapahaw is that John Barnwell recruited a group of Saxapahaw on the lower PeeDee/Waccamaw River to fight with him against the Tuscarora in 1712 (Wilson 1983:193). In 1711, the Saxapahaw had been driven to live with the Waccamaw after the Tuscarora attacked one of their villages near the Tuscarora town of Nahantes. By the time of the Yamassee War, in 1716, the Saxapahaw seem to have been living in close proximity to the Sara on the Pee Dee River. There is no further record of them after 1717 (Wilson 1983:195).
Milling, Chapman T. 1940 Red Carolinians. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
Wilson, Jack H., Jr. 1983 “A Study of Late Prehistoric, Protohistoric, and Historic Indians of the Carolina and Virginia Piedmont: Structure, Process, and Ecology.” Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
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This is Lederer source documents/accounts.
http://rla.unc.edu/Archives/accounts/Lederer/LedererText.html
Linda:
This original source document might be relevant to your people :
http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/wlhba/articleView.asp?pg=1&id=7447&key=romantic+career&cy=
Techteach
http://www.rootsweb.com/~kyboyd/general/HarmonStationPDF/
THE FOUNDING OF HARMAN’S STATION With An Account Of The Indian Captivity Of Mrs. Jennie Wiley And The Exploration And Settlement of The Big Sandy Valley In the Virginias And Kentucky by William Elsey Connelly is on line at the link above, spelled “Harmon”.
I am checking some things out in the area of McDowell County, West Virginia and was led back to this source. I think it was originally discussed on the board in relation to the Tutelo presence along the Big Sandy or Toterro River. See footnotes page 52 & 55. “Toteros” “Shataras”.
The author provides alternative renderings of Jennie’s capture and escape from a band composed of [p. 33] 2 Cherokee, 3 Shawnee, 3 Wyandots, and 3 Delawares………., as well as his own interpretation of the event/details.
The Harman / Harmon family is discussed, as well as the Connelly, Wiley, and other families that settled in the area.
The book is important in the history of the Big Sandy & Tug River Valley region of SE KY & SW WV, VA, while it of course contains some of the natural limitations of these early histories.
In this current look at it I am noticing other little points like Harmans reputed to be “Indian fighters”- wasn’t everybody?- and Long hunters with a great animosity toward Indians, but in another place it is indicated that Harman & the Cherokee who figures in the fight around War, WV were at one time friends and both served as scouts on the Sandy Creek Voyage or Expedition under Lewis. An, oh so small reference to “friendly Indians, who verified some of the details of Jennie’s ordeal, etc. Cherokee bands living along the Ohio River at the time, the multi-tribal nature of some of the bands that traveled together…..little details that may be important.
[Apparently there is a tradition that some of the Harmans are mixed blood, possibly Shawnee.]
[The TOTEROS reputed to have had a town on the Lick Fork of Jennie’s Creek [Tutelo, Shateras, Toterro, etc.] and the Shawnee account of their cabin locations….. Connelley stated that he would discuss further the various locations of Totero towns in “some future publication”. I haven’t found that future publication and wonder if he got around to it. Wonder if any library received Connelley’s notes when he died????]
Brenda
“A noted eastern Kentucky historian and genealogist, Henry Scalf collected a great volume of individual family information through his research for the East Kentuckian and his numerous publications. The surname files were donated to Special Collections, Allara Library, as a portion of the Henry Scalf Collection”
Many, many names. Check it out. I requested the MOUNTS file—which is quite small– a few years ago and a girl there said they’d copy and send it when they had time, but they were seriously understaffed. It never came and I had too much going on with family health concerns and so did not follow up. It really seems better to go and spend a day in the room reading if one has time. There is a TUCKAHOE file– wonder what that could be about?, and a BLEVINS file. Scalf researched in the Pike & Floyd areas extensively.
Brenda
http://library.pc.edu/special/societyscalf.htm
The link for Connelly’s book didn’t copy right for some reason…
I’m not sure why it didn’t copy correctly. I’ll try again.
http://www.rootsweb.com/~kyboyd/general/HarmonStationPDF/
It’s doing it again, the “Ha” isn’t showing up, but it seems to work????
It is on the Boyd County site, in the history section, along with Ely’s book on the Big Sandy Valley.
You can also reach it here:
http://www.rootsweb.com/~kyboyd/general/general.htm
Here’s a link that lists planters of Virginia circa 1704: http://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/va/misc/1704va.txt. In addition, here is a link that helps you determine the location of these folks: http://historical-county.newberry.org/website/virginia/viewer.htm
Techteach
Another interesting link that I posted some time ago is this one: http://www.vcdh.virginia.edu/lewisandclark/students/projects/monacans/Documentary_Evidence/notesonva.html It lists Thomas Jefferson’s description of Indian tribes.
Techteach
This link appears to have agreat deal of good materials..
http://www.teacheroz.com/Native_Americans.htm
We have at least one thread going on the Senecas of the Sandusky, so here is where I first read about them being the remnants of Logan’s Band. Also note that Linda has established a Tutelo connection with Logan’s family.
Henry Howe: Historical Collections of Ohio; Vol. II; “Seneca County”; ©1888.
“SENECA COUNTY was formed from old Indian Territory, April 1, 1820, organized April 1, 1824, and named from the tribe who had a reservation within its limits. …”
“…..The Senecas of Sandusky—so called—owned and occupied forty thousand acres of choice land on the east side of the Sandusky river, being mostly in this and partly in Sandusky county. Thirty thousand acres of this land was granted to them on the 29th of September, 1817, at the treaty held at the foot of the Maumee Rapids, Hon. Lewis Cass and Hon. Duncan M’Arthur being the commissioners of the United States. The remaining 10,000 acres, lying south of the other, was granted by the treaty at St. Mary’s, concluded by the same commissioners on the 17th of September, in the following year. By the treaty concluded at Washington city, February 28, 1831, James B Gardiner being the commissioner of the general government, these Indians ceded their lands to the United States, and agreed to remove southwest of Missouri, on the Neosho river.
INDIAN EXECUTION FOR WITCHCRAFT.
At this time their principal chiefs were Coonstick, Small Cloud Spicer, Seneca Steel, Hard Hickory, Tall Chief and Good Hunter, the last two of whom were their principal orators. The old chief Good Hunter, told Mr. Henry C. Brish, their sub-agent, that this band, which numbered about four hundred souls, were in fact the remnant of Logan’s tribe, (see Pickaway county), and says Mr. Brish in a communication to us: “I cannot to this day surmise why they were called the Senecas. I never found a Seneca among them. They were Cayugas—who were Mingoes—among whom were a few Oneidas, Mohawks, Onondagoes, Tuscarawas and Wyandots.” From Mr. Brish, we have received an interesting narrative of the execution for witchcraft of one of these Indians, named Seneca John, who was one of the best men of his tribe.
About the year 1825, Coonstick, Steel and Cracked Hoof left the reservation for the double purpose of a three years hunting and trapping excursion, and to seek a location for a new home for the tribe in the far West……”
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~henryhowesbook/seneca.html
Brenda
“Sometime before his final illness Swatana took a new wife, a Tutelo woman, who returned to her own people after his death.”
[Swatana is the father of Logan].
http://www.biographi.ca/EN/ShowBioPrintable.asp?BioId=35792
From the intro. to this article:
“SWATANA (an abbreviation of Onkiswathetami, “he causes it to be light for us”; Ungquaterughiathe, cited in one document, is an alternative expression of the same idea; Shikellimy, variously spelled, is an Algonkian equivalent), an Oneida chief of the Bear clan, resident near and at Shamokin (now Sunbury, Pa.), an Iroquois supervisor of the Shawnees and a key figure in Indian-English relations; first mentioned in official records in 1728; d. at Shamokin on 6 Dec. 1748.”
The search page in THE DICTIONARY OF CANADIAN BIOGRAPHY ON LINE where this article was found:
http://www.biographi.ca/EN/index.html
The Dictionary of Canadian Biography also has a bio. on Horatio Hale, 1817 – 1896.
” …..In Hale’s day the Six Nations Reserve had a population of around 3,000, including speakers of extant Iroquoian languages, a community of Munsee-Delawares (of the Algonkian family), and several speakers of Tutelo, a language whose affiliation was then unknown…..”
“….Among Hale’s numerous contributions to his field, which, Boas wrote in 1897, “rank among the best work done in America,” were two important discoveries at the Six Nations Reserve. In 1870 he sought out Nikonha, the only surviving full-blooded Tutelo, and from him rescued a vocabulary of a language spoken in Virginia before the Tutelo and Saponi remnants fled and joined the Six Nations Confederacy in the mid 18th century. Hale demonstrated the relationship of Tutelo to the Siouan linguistic stock and reported his discovery at the December 1879 meeting of the American Philosophical Society, to which he had been elected in 1872….”
http://www.biographi.ca/EN/ShowBio.asp?BioId=40261&query=tUTELO
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